Sunday, April 22, 2018

To Understand Trump & His Mindless Minions: Read "Moby-Dick", "Farenheit 451", "Slaughterhouse Five" and "Song of Solomon"


The following article from the Los Angeles Times this morning absolutely nails explaining President Donald J. Trump -- and those mindless twits who support him.

It may be a jolt to start -- Melville-ian monologues can have that effect.  But the parallels drawn by the author offer some spot-on, articulate, literary analysis, transposed over politics -- with a little Kurt Vonnegut and Toni Morrison thrown in for added context. 

And -- considering how precious little regard the present Administration holds for grammar and spelling, let alone forethought -- I loved being reminded and compelled to smarten up, rather than be benumbed and dumbed down!  (Excuse me, but could somebody please impose some adult literacy classes on 45?!!?  Thank you . . . )

NOTE:  I took the editorial liberty of adding links within the article, for easy reference. 

With great thanks to the Times for permitting this reprint, here t'is:


Want to Better Understand the Trump Presidency?  Give 'Moby-Dick' Another Read


By Steven Almond
Apr 22, 2018 | 4:05 AM
Los Angeles Times

I have spent many anguished hours pondering how it is that a man of such low character and dubious qualifications occupies the Oval Office.  I've spent even longer trying to understand his presidency.  I've pored over polls and research papers, absorbed an ocean of think pieces. None has solved the mystery.

In fact, I've gleaned the most insight not from the realms of journalism or academia, but from literature.  Only by rereading certain American classics have I been able to make sense of Trump's chaotic reign.
My quest began, fittingly enough, with "Moby-Dick," specifically the scene in which Ahab appears on deck to announce the true nature of his mission:  revenge against the whale that unmanned him.  He exhorts his crew with a soliloquy Trumpian in pitch if not diction.
"All visible objects are but pasteboard masks," the captain roars.  "If man will strike, strike through the mask!  How can the prisoner reach outside except by thrusting through the wall?  To me, the white whale is that wall, shoved near to me."  He goes on:  "That inscrutable thing is chiefly what I hate; and be the white whale agent, or be the white whale principal, I will wreak that hate upon him.  Talk not to me of blasphemy, man; I'd strike the sun if it insulted me."

It is this volcanic grievance that fuels Melville's saga, that binds the crew of the Pequod to their leader.  "Ahab's quenchless feud seemed mine," Ishmael tells us.
Melville is offering a mythic account of how one man’s virile bombast ensnares everyone and everything it encounters.
Melville is offering a mythic account of how one man's virile bombast ensnares everyone and everything it encounters.  The setting is nautical, the language epic.  But the tale, stripped to its ribs, is about the seductive power of the wounded male ego, how naturally a ship steered by men might tack to its vengeful course.
Trump's presidency has been, in its way, a retelling of this epic.  Whether we cast him as agent or principal hardly matters.  What matters is that Americans have joined the quest.  In rapture or disgust, we've turned away from the compass of self-governance and toward the mesmerizing drama of aggression on display, the masculine id unchained and all that it unchains within us.  With every vitriolic tweet storm and demeaning comment, Trump strikes through the mask.
A similar sense of revelation accompanied my rereading of Ray Bradbury's 1953 dystopian classic, "Fahrenheit 451."  The book is generally misunderstood as a tale about censorship, but Bradbury's central concern wasn't the tyranny of the State.  It was the self-induced triviality of the people.
The scene most vital to understanding the novel is triggered not by a book burning but a failed book group.  Guy Montag, a fireman charged with burning the possessions of those caught reading, secretly becomes enthralled by books.  He returns home one evening to find his wife Mildred and her friends sitting before the ParlorWalls, huge screens that provide insipid, round-the-clock entertainment.
Montag unplugs the Walls and tries to talk with them about their lives:  an impending war, the death of friends, even (gasp) politics.  The women are horrified when Montag fetches a hidden book of poetry and reads Matthew Arnold's lyric poem "Dover Beach," which ends with an image of "ignorant armies" clashing by night.  Mildred is so shaken that she locks herself in the bathroom and downs sleeping pills.
This scene rattled me.  I so often feel a mild version of this dynamic when I try to talk with friends and relatives about the manifest cruelty of Trump's policies.  It's nearly impossible to have a serious discussion about the crises facing our country, such as climate change or income inequality, when all we focus on are his lies and insults.
Americans have become habituated to consuming the presidency as a kind of freewheeling entertainment product beamed onto our own Parlor Walls — half reality TV show, half cage match — while the executives of our vaunted Fourth Estate collect checks from the sponsors.
Eighteen months after the election, Trump is still holding campaign-style rallies in his strongholds.  My literary hero, Kurt Vonnegut, didn't live long enough to witness these orgies of self-congratulation.  But Vonnegut was exquisitely attuned to the class dynamics that prevail when plutocrats preach populism.
"It is in fact a crime for an American to be poor, even though America is a nation of poor," he observed in "Slaughterhouse Five."  "This inward blame has been a treasure for the rich and powerful, who have had to do less for their poor, publicly and privately, than any other ruling class since, say, Napoleonic times."
Toni Morrison's 1977 novel "Song of Solomon" helped me understand why so many white Americans continue to embrace a politics of racial resentment over one of economic uplift.  As one character observes, "the cards are stacked against us and just trying to stay in the game, stay alive and in the game, makes us do funny things.  Things we can't help.  Things that make us hurt one another.  We don't even know why."
Trump sows doubt and discord because he profits by a loss of faith in our democratic institutions.  He tells a fraudulent story about America — that we are a nation under siege by the dark other — to distract his base from the sad truth that he's imperiled their healthcare and mortgaged their future for massive corporate tax cuts.
"It was all very careless and confused," as Gatsby's pal Nick Carraway might say.  As any student of literature can tell you, it won't end well.

Steven Almond is the author, most recently, of Bad Stories: What the Hell Just Happened to Our Country




Thursday, December 22, 2016

How to Defend Democracy

This article was originally published as a Facebook post  November 28, 2016 by  Timothy Snyder, the Housum Professor of History at Yale University and author of Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning.   Snyder offered:  "If this is useful to you, please print it out and pass it around!” 

I find it immensely useful.  I hope you will, too.

-- TL

 
Americans are no wiser than the Europeans who saw democracy yield to fascism, Nazism, or communism.  Our one advantage is that we might learn from their experience.  Now is a good time to do so.  Here are 20 lessons from the 20th Century, adapted to the circumstances of today:

1.         Do Not Obey in Advance.
Much of the power of authoritarianism is freely given.  In times like these, individuals think ahead about what a more repressive government will want, and then start to do it without being asked.  You have already done this, haven’t you?  Stop.  Anticipatory obedience teaches authorities what is possible and accelerates unfreedom.
2.         Defend an Institution.
Defend an institution.  Follow the courts or the media, or a court or a newspaper.  Do not speak of “our institutions” unless you are making them yours by acting on their behalf.  Institutions do not protect themselves.  They go down like dominoes unless each is defended from the beginning.
3.         Recall Professional Ethics.
When the leaders of state set a negative example, professional commitments to just practice become much more important.  It is hard to break a rule-of-law state without lawyers, and it is hard to have show trials without judges.
4.         When Listening to Politicians, Distinguish Certain Words.
Look out for the expansive use of “terrorism” and “extremism.”  Be alive to the fatal notions of “exception” and “emergency.”  Be angry about the treacherous use of patriotic vocabulary.
5.         Be Calm When the Unthinkable Arrives.
When the terrorist attack comes, remember that all authoritarians at all times either await or plan such events in order to consolidate power.  Think of the Reichstag fire.  The sudden disaster that requires the end of the balance of power, the end of opposition parties, and so on, is the oldest trick in the Hitlerian [play] book.  Do not fall for it.
6.         Be Kind to our Language.
Avoid pronouncing the phrases everyone else does.  Think up your own way of speaking, even if only to convey that thing you think everyone is saying.  (Do not use the internet before bed.  Charge your gadgets away from your bedroom, and read!)  What to read?  Perhaps The Power of the Powerless by Václav Havel, 1984 by George Orwell, The Captive Mind by Czesław Milosz, The Rebel by Albert Camus, The Origins of Totalitarianism by Hannah Arendt, or Nothing is True and Everything is Possible by Peter Pomerantsev.
7.         Stand Out.
Someone has to.  It is easy, in words and deeds, to follow along.  It can feel strange to do or say something different.  But without that unease, there is no freedom.  And the moment you set an example, the spell of the status quo is broken, and others will follow.
8.         Believe in Truth.
To abandon facts is to abandon freedom.  If nothing is true, then no one can criticize power, because there is no basis upon which to do so.  If nothing is true, then all is spectacle.  The biggest wallet pays for the most blinding lights.
9.         Investigate.
Figure things out for yourself.  Spend more time with long articles.  Subsidize investigative journalism by subscribing to print media.  Realize that some of what is on your screen is there to harm you.  Learn about sites that investigate foreign propaganda pushes.
10.       Practice Corporeal Politics.
Power wants your body softening in your chair and your emotions dissipating on the screen.  Get outside.  Put your body in unfamiliar places with unfamiliar people. Make new friends and march with them.
11.       Make Eye Contact and Small Talk.
This is not just polite.  It is a way to stay in touch with your surroundings, break down unnecessary social barriers, and come to understand whom you should and should not trust.  If we enter a culture of denunciation, you will want to know the psychological landscape of your daily life.
12.       Take Responsibility for the Face of the World.
Notice the swastikas and the other signs of hate.  Do not look away and do not get used to them. Remove them yourself and set an example for others to do so.
13.       Hinder the One-Party State.
The parties that took over states were once something else.  They exploited a historical moment to make political life impossible for their rivals. Vote in local and state elections while you can.
14.       Give Regularly to Good Causes, If You Can.
Pick a charity and set up autopay.  Then you will know that you have made a free choice that is supporting civil society helping others doing something good.
15.       Establish a Private Life.
Nastier rulers will use what they know about you to push you around.  Scrub your computer of malware.  Remember that email is skywriting.  Consider using alternative forms of the internet, or simply using it less.  Have personal exchanges in person.  For the same reason, resolve any legal trouble.  Authoritarianism works as a blackmail state, looking for the hook on which to hang you.  Try not to have too many hooks.
16.       Learn From Others in Other Countries.
Keep up your friendships abroad, or make new friends abroad.  The present difficulties here are an element of a general trend.  And no country is going to find a solution by itself.  Make sure you and your family have passports.
17.       Watch Out for the Paramilitaries.
When the men with guns who have always claimed to be against the system, start wearing uniforms and marching around with torches and pictures of a Leader, the end is nigh.  When the pro-Leader paramilitary and the official police and military intermingle, the game is over.
18.       Be Reflective, If You Must be Armed.
If you carry a weapon in public service, God bless you and keep you.  But know that evils of the past involved policemen and soldiers finding themselves, one day, doing irregular things.  Be ready to say no.  (If you do not know what this means, contact the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and ask about training in professional ethics.)
19.       Be As Ccourageous As You Can.
If none of us is prepared to die for freedom, then all of us will die in unfreedom.

20.       Be a Patriot.
The incoming president is not.  Set a good example of what America means for the generations to come. They will need it.
*   *   *   *   *
NOTE:  I have added all the links to Snyder's post, for those perhaps unfamiliar with its terms or references.  For more, see Autocracy:  Rules for Survival, and The Way to Stop Trump, the latter by Georgetown law professor David Cole; both in the same periodical.  Cole concludes:  "We live in a constitutional democracy, one that is expressly designed to check the impulses of dangerous men.  It will do so if and only if we insist on it."


 

Sunday, November 20, 2016

Rules for Surviving an Autocracy

Au·toc·ra·cy:   ôˈtäkrəsē/
         -- Emperor (Byzantine Greek language, c. 330 A.D.)
         -- Supreme, uncontrolled, unlimited authority . . . in a single person
                         (Webster's Twentieth-Century Dictionary, 1938)
         -- Supreme power invested in a single person
                         (Webster's Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English Language, 1969)
         -- System of government in which supreme political power to direct all activities of
                         the state is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions are
                         subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of
                         popular control
                         (Glossary of Political Economy Terms by Dr. Paul M. Johnson, 2016)
         -- самодержавие, i.e., a system of government by one person with absolute power,
                         one of two infamous trinities of Russian cultural history -- which together
                         with "working intelligentsia" constituted the dogmatic definition of
                         "socialist realism" in the U.S.S.R. of the 1930s and Russia under Vladimir Putin
                         (Dictionary of Untranslatables: A Philosophical Lexicon, 2014).

If you missed it, President-elect Donald J. Trump tweetingly screamed "APOLOGIZE!" at the Broadway musical Hamilton's cast this weekend.  The offense?  The cast dared put a shout-out to Vice President-elect Mike Pence (who was in attendance) and plead with him for kindness, inclusivity and tolerance in Trump's Administration policies.  (NOTE:  Check out the video asap; numerous videos shot by audience members that were uploaded to YouTube, are being pulled off and/or their accounts deleted!)

Apparently, Trump has yet to read the U.S. Constitution and is unaware of Americans' 1st Amendment rights to free speech -- which includes the right to petition the government, or government-to-be, as was the case.

By appointing himself the new Supreme Court Justice and Chief Arbiter of what constitutes permissible and legal action, Trump continues his policy of aiming veiled threats against those he deems too critical -- further cementing his path to chief Trump advisor and strategist Steve Bannon (a self-avowed Leninst)'s stated goal of destroying American democracy . . . and replacing it with an autocracy.

With Putin puppet Trump at its head.

Just so you know what we are getting in to, here . . .

With the possible realization of George Orwell's Animal Farm and 1984 (not to mention, V for Vendetta) dystopian societies looming dark and deadly ahead in the new year, the urgent warnings of Russian-American journalist Masha Gesson provide a good foundation for a good ground game to survive with a modicum of integrity and self-respect.  Gesson -- who has spent years dissecting Putin -- spells it out in great detail.  What follows is my highly-editorialized, less articulate (and perhaps, somewhat feminized) breakdown of Gesson's voice of experience:

RULE #1 -- Believe the autocrat.  This is like when the bad boy you are dating says at the beginning of the relationship that he only wants sex and is not emotionally available or "ready" to be in a committed relationship.  Believe him -- he has just established his getaway back door and excuse for ending things.  "I told you I was not ready . . . "  So, believe whatever he says.  You cannot afford to not believe him.  He is going to betray you, and betray you big time.

RULE #2 -- Do not be taken in by small signs of normality.   That cheap rose the bad boyfriend bought you from the hawker at the traffic light?  Seems romantic, right? -- especially after you left bad boy 20 panicky voicemails about not responding to you.  The rose does not mean a thing.  Perhaps he heard a song on the radio while driving, one that made him nostalgic for half a nanosecond about a 7th grade girl he once danced with.  More than likely, though, the gesture is meant to keep you quiet and keep the sex coming.

RULE #3 -- Institutions will not save you.  No handsome knight on a white horse is going to swoop in and save you from the bad boyfriend.  The mean clique you hang with is saying "told you so".  Remember, Trump and his GOP majority are already laying the groundwork to dismantle immigration, the Fourth Estate, separation of church and state, Medicare, Obamacare, Roe v. Wade, Planned Parenthood  and taxes on the filthy rich, while simultaneously decimating our national parks and the world's fragile ecosystem.  Those organizations have their own hands full.  And Trump & Co. have a plan for handling you, too -- like the bad boyfriend who unleashes a slurry of slut-shaming on social media, before you get a chance to blink.  Be prepared to be slammed for daring speak up.  Expect the worst, start building your defenses now, nurture a support network that you can support now and put a plan in place for how to not sell your soul for a stinkin' rose that does not smell right.

RULE #4 -- Be outragedAn ancillary to Rule #3.  Be prepared for whatever anyone (like a bad boyfriend) can throw at you, because they (he) will.  Take notes, names and numbers.  Film and photograph.  Evidence carries weight, but preserve your integrity and do not lie or take it out of context.  Pay attention, listen actively, find common ground and learn to articulate your outrage, if possible, in short, concise sentences.  Sen. Elizabeth Warren (Mass-D) is a perfect example of the perfect storm in female form!  Emulate the best, learn to live your own life, grow from your mistakes and do not go gentle into that good night!

RULE #5 -- Don't make compromises.  Really.  What is the price of your soul?  Can you be bought for so little, let your head be turned by visions of love or money, are you willing to throw away your self-respect, your self-esteem, your very soul for the price of a lousy, stinkin', week-old, one-dollar rose?  To paraphrase Katharine HepburnTo keep your character intact, never stoop to filthy acts.  It only makes it easier to stoop the next time.  Do not sell out; you are worth more than you think!

RULE #6 -- Remember the future.  Nothing lasts forever.  So, let us make this our time!  Our moment in history to define and defend the future we want to see.  It will require resistance -- as Gesson states, "stubborn, uncompromising, outraged" resistance.  But we are many, we are committed and we are stronger together than we know!

Resistance begins today, everyday!  Do not concede the revolution!